作文承德导游词（通用7篇）
作文承德导游词 篇1
前几天，我和妈妈、老姨、小哥哥一路筹谋着去旅游。所在就定为承德和北京。
本日一早晨，我们带上随身物品来到了火车站。历经6个多小时的远程跋涉，颠末巨细26个站点，终于达到了我们的目标地——承德。
达到目标地后，我们抉择先去小布达拉宫游览一番。我们打上车，一起说言笑笑，不知不觉的就到了小布达拉宫，而且尚有免费的导游领路和讲授。让我们分明白很多古代的工作。说小布达拉宫是为了庆贺乾隆天子六十寿辰和皇太后八十寿辰而建筑的。首要特点是藏式构筑。颠末战乱，很多红墙脱落，白墙坍毁，召集各人捐钱重建小布达拉宫。
我们一边听讲授，一边走路。发明有3个大门可以走，导游说左边的门是蓬勃门，右边的门是升官门，中间的是安全门。大大都人都走了安全门，妈妈却走蓬勃门，我迷惑的问妈妈为什么走蓬勃门，妈妈说：“我但愿我们公司的买卖茂盛，财路滔滔，虽然得走蓬勃门了!”“哦，原本是这样呀。”我承诺一声继承向前走。
不久，我们来到了一座寺庙——佛缘，任务讲授员说这里是天子天天都来拜的大佛。接近大佛可觉得家人许愿，沾一点灵气回家。妈妈便为我求了一个佛珠，100元呐，吓死我了!妈妈说这玉珠只是眷念品罢了，要害是我们为重建小布达拉宫添砖加瓦孝顺一点力气。我名顿开，多年往后，重建的小布达拉宫也有我的“功勋”呢!
一起上，固然下着小雨，我们依然兴高采烈。当我们登上小布达拉宫时，发明墙壁上有很多窗户，有些是关闭的，有些是敞开的。导游说：“这是佛常常念佛的处所。佛不能看到人世的花花绿绿，男女老小。这些窗户有些是明窗，有些是盲窗。明窗是向上倾斜45°角，向外只能看到蓝天和白云。盲窗天然是关闭式的，基础看不到表面的。”为了证实导游说的，我们进去一看，公然与导游说的千篇一律。转眼间，导游与我们辞别了，说：“我的事变到此竣事，衷心祝愿各人旅途舒畅!”
就这样，我们在导游的活跃讲授中竣事了小布达拉宫之旅。
作文承德导游词 篇2
小布达拉宫就是普陀宗乘之庙，俗称小布达拉宫。在避暑山庄以北，“须弥福寿之庙”的西侧，是一座具有非凡艺术代价的寺庙构筑。全庙除主体大红台、懂得台等外，尚有四十多座各式百般的僧房佛殿白台和塔台，是承德外八庙中局限最大的一个，占地面积22万平方米，气魄宏伟，异常壮观。
该庙是仿西藏拉萨布达拉宫建筑的，“普陀宗乘”是藏语“布达拉”的汉译。庙依山制作，坐北朝南，山门内是碑阁，北是五塔门，高十余米，有拱门三个，上建红、黄、黑、白、绿五座喇嘛塔。门北是琉璃牌楼。牌楼北地形渐高，各式白台、塔台构筑因地形而散置，坎坷有别，变革多端。最后为宏伟高峻的主体构筑大红台。大红台的正面，下面是高达十八米的懂得台，其上矗立着高达二十五米的大红台。红台内附近为三层群楼，中央是重檐攒尖鎏金铜瓦项的“万法归一”殿。
清帝乾隆建筑这座局限雄伟的喇嘛古刹，是有其用意的。乾隆三十五年，是乾隆六十寿辰，乾隆三十六年是他母亲八十寿辰，蒙古族又虔信黄教(喇嘛教格鲁派)，借蒙古、青海、新疆等地少数民族的王公、部落长来承德为他祝寿之机，操作喇嘛教，举办绥抚。桑珠孜宗堡始建于1363年，是后藏日喀则地域最早的构筑之一，被称作“小布达拉宫”。布达拉宫扩建时，在形制友善势威风凛凛上受到桑珠孜宗堡影响。在承德市避暑山庄正北，始建于乾隆三十二年，是为庆贺乾隆的60大寿而建的，也是“外八庙”中局限最大的一座。其样式仿拉萨布达拉宫，气魄壮观，故又称为“小布达拉宫”。
乾隆三十六年，为乾隆帝六十寿辰和皇太后八十寿辰之年，边疆各少数民族的首领都要集承德，进行隆重的庆寿勾当，呈现了亘古未有的全百姓族大连合的排场。为了恭顺各族信奉，连合各族人民，乾隆帝御旨制作这座大型寺院。
其时，边疆各少数民族多半爱崇藏传释教。拉萨布达拉宫是藏传释教的一此中心。而藏传释教宣称布达拉宫为观世音菩萨的道场。观民音菩萨的道场听说有三处：一在印度，一在西藏，一在南海(浙江普陀山)。乾隆帝以为，观音发祥于印度，然后先到西藏为本土，以是在承建观音道场便"仿西藏，非仿南海"。普陀宗乘之庙是在汉族传统构筑的基本上融合藏族构筑特点制作的，它是汉藏构筑世术领悟的规范。
这座寺庙最大的特点就是其藏式构筑，庙内共有巨细构筑约60处，多是平顶白墙。主体构筑大红台是一座暗赤色的方形构筑，在周围白色楼宇的映衬下，很是抢眼。大红台中心的万法归一殿顶部所有被鎏金铜瓦所包围，仅此一项造价等于黄金万两，这里是进行重大的宗教典礼或清帝访问重要的少数民族部落首领及王公大臣们的场合。普陀宗乘之庙古木参天，情形寂静，还可在此远眺棒槌山，是外八庙中不行不游的一处。
作文承德导游词 篇3
各位朋友们：
大家好，欢迎大家来承德避暑山庄观光游览。避暑山庄位于承德市区北部，是我国现存最大的古典皇家园林。
避暑山庄是清代康、乾盛世的象征。作为山庄缔造者的康熙、乾隆，都曾六下江南，遍历天下景物之美。在修建避暑山庄时，博采众家之长，融合中国南北园林风格为一体，使避暑山庄成为中国古典园林艺术的总结与升华。我国园林专家们说，整个避暑山庄就是祖国锦绣河山的缩影，这原因与避暑山庄的地形有关。
请各位向右看，远处的山峦上，有一巨大石柱，擎天而立，直插云端。它上粗下细，很像洗衣用的棒槌，我们承德人叫它棒槌山，康熙皇帝赐名“磬锤峰”。修建避暑山庄时，巧借此景，使山庄内外浑然一体，扩大了空间感，创造了新的意境美，这是山庄设计者运用“借景”这一造园艺术的成功典范。一般来承德的人，都要到山上去摸一下棒槌山，因为承德民间流传这样一句话：“摸到棒槌山，能活一百三。”如果大家有兴趣的话，不妨明天上山摸一摸，一定很有意思的。
门前两侧这两个铜狮，威风凛凛。说起这两个铜狮，还有一段动人的传说呢!相传在中国抗日战争时期，日本侵略军侵占了承德并大肆抢劫。有一天一群日本兵发现这两个铜狮子很漂亮，是无价之宝，就想抢走，可是铜狮子太重，他们搬也搬不动，于是就分头去找工具。这一切让护院的老人看在眼里，痛在心上。他想铜狮子是国家的财宝，决不能让日本兵抢走。他灵机一动，立即从村里找来猪血，涂在狮子的眼睛上，等日本兵找到工具回来后发现狮子的眼睛红红的，都哭出了血，个个吓得目瞪口呆，害怕搬动狮子会给他们带来厄运，便慌里慌张地逃走了，这对国宝才得以保留至今。现在这对铜狮成了人们心目中的吉祥物。如果大家想万事如意的话，千万别忘了摸摸它。
今天我们就到这儿，我们下次见，Goodbay!
作文承德导游词 篇4
普宁寺系承德外八庙之一，是国务院确定的汉族地区佛教全国重点寺院。这里群山环抱，形胜优越，气候绝佳，山水兼有北雄南秀之美。清朝政府在这里兴建了皇家园林避暑山庄和外八庙佛教建筑群，在康熙、乾隆、嘉庆年间成为仅次於北京的全国第二个政治中心，它融汇了我国多民族的历史、文化、艺术和建筑，使承德成为一座以园林和寺庙著称的著名历史文化名城。外八庙修建於清康熙五十二年至乾隆四十五年(l7l3-l780年)，由溥仁寺、溥善寺、普乐寺、安远庙、普宁寺、普佑寺、须弥福寿之庙、普陀宗乘之庙、殊像寺、广安寺和罗汉堂等11座寺庙组成，这11座寺庙分外八处受北京雍和宫管辖，得名“外八庙”。其中以普宁寺最为完整、壮观。
普宁寺建於清乾隆二十至二十四年(1755-1759年)，占地面积33000平方米，是外八庙中较大的寺庙建筑群。当时清政府平定了厄鲁特蒙古准噶尔部达瓦齐的叛乱，在避暑山庄为厄鲁特四部上层贵族封爵，因他们信奉藏传佛教，故仿西藏三摩耶(又称桑耶寺)建制修建了普宁寺。淆政府希望边疆人民“安其居，乐其业，永永普宁”，取名“普宁寺”。
普宁寺建筑风格独特，它吸收并融合了汉地佛教寺院和藏传佛教寺院的建筑格局，南半部为汉地寺庙的“七堂伽蓝”式布局:中轴线上依次分布着山门、天王殿、大雄宝殿等殿堂;两侧为钟鼓楼和东西配殿，南北长150米，宽70米。北半部为藏式寺庙建筑:以大乘阁为中心，周围环列着许多藏式碉房建筑物——红台、白台以及四座白色喇嘛塔。
普宁寺正门，面阔五间，当中三间石刻拱门，象徵“三解脱门”(空门、无相门、无作门)。殿内供奉的两位天神即“哼哈二将”，是1986年修复时新塑的，高4.34米，木骨泥塑。手持金刚杵，裸露上身，衣缠腰际，瞠目作威猛状。左为密持金刚，右为那罗延金刚。碑亭为平面三间方型，重檐歇山顶，下檐单翘单昂，上檐单翘重昂，黄琉璃瓦绿剪边覆顶。亭内有三座碑，中间是《御制普宁寺碑文》，记载了兴建普宁寺原委和布局;左右为《御制平定准噶尔勒铭伊犁之碑》、《御制平定准噶尔後勒铭伊犁之碑》，记述清政府平定准噶尔部贵族达瓦齐.阿睦尔撒纳的叛乱，巩固西北边防的史实。这三座碑均为乾隆御笔，用满、汉、蒙、藏四种文书写成。钟楼平阔三间，两层楼阁，单檐歇山顶。内悬清朝雍正年间铜钟一尊，高2米，口径1.26米。每日清晨，喇嘛叩击108响，僧人开始上殿念经。佛教称这108声钟声可去108种烦恼，“闻钟声，烦恼清，智慧长，菩提生”。
大殿为重檐歇山顶，覆绿剪边黄琉璃瓦，正脊中央置一藏传佛教寺院建筑特有装饰铜质鎏金宝塔。屋脊、前後垂脊、岔脊头共有十个鸱吻，在建筑上可保护脊垄稳固、不渗水。檐角上各有七个栩栩如生的飞禽走兽像，它们各有其寓意。第一个是龙，能兴风作雨，是帝王象徵。第二个为凤，鸟中之王，指有圣德之人。第三个是狮子，为镇山之王，勇猛威严。第四个是天马，象徵皇帝威德畅达四方。第五个是海马，喻意皇帝威德可通天八海。第六个是狻猊，是一种能食虎豹的猛兽。第七个叫押鱼，为海中异兽，能灭火防灾。大殿正中供奉三世佛，中间是现世佛释迦牟尼，左边是前世佛燃燈，右边是未来佛弥勒，木雕金漆，金光闪烁，仪态庄严。两侧山墙石坛上排列十八罗汉像。北墙绘有八尊度母和胜乐十六天女图，栩栩如生，传神入画。屋顶绘有六字真言。
普宁寺後半部的藏式寺院建筑是模仿桑耶寺风格，通过建筑总体布局和个体造型来反映藏传佛教的世界观，把密宗的曼荼罗等清净佛国理想境界用具体建筑形象表现出来，使整个建筑具有象徵作用。“曼荼罗”的梵语，义为“轮集”，或译作“;轮坛”、“坛城”，是密宗僧侣修行时构筑的法坛，後演变为“圆轮俱足、诸佛集会”的圣坛。普宁寺的後半部就是根据佛经对宇宙的描述设计的。大乘之阁巍然屹立中间，代表须弥山，象徵世界中心，阁之东西则建有日殿和月殿，表示日月环绕宇宙世界运行，阁的四面有四座重层殿宇代表四大部洲:东胜神洲殿象徵风，起着长养万物的作用，形如半月，故建筑月牙形台殿;南瞻部殿象徵火，形为三角，起着促进万物成熟的作用，建成梯形台殿;西牛贺洲殿象徵水，摄受万物，建成椭圆形台殿;北俱卢洲象徵地，保护万物，建成正方形台殿。阁之四隅有四座宝塔，代表佛之“四智”:西北角的白色塔为“大圆境智”，能清楚地反映、认识世界万象;东北角黑色塔为“平等性智”，视世界万物平等无差别;东南角的红色塔为“妙观察智”，表示佛能明察善恶，妙观万法;西南角绿色塔为“成所作智”，表示信佛能成就自利和利他事业。大乘之阁五顶紧密连接，结成一个屋顶组群，四大部洲的台殿和日月殿是把藏式平顶建筑改变比例，作为基座，上建汉式木构建筑，而白台建筑则是藏族形式，这样使汉藏建筑巧妙结合，外形雄伟又具有园林配置，形成汉藏文化相互融合的风格独特的寺庙建筑。
大乘之阁内部分三层，在上下贯通的中部供奉着世界最大的木雕——千手千眼观世音菩萨像。这尊佛像高22.28米，腰围15米，重量达110顿，用松、柏、榆、椴、杉五种木材制成，约需120立方米木材。观音站在莲花座上双手合十，背後又生出40只手来，每只手上有一只眼隋，各持一件法器。造型庄严，慈颜善目，衣纹自然流畅，是宝贵的艺术珍品。
在千手千眼观音两旁是高达l4米的善才和龙女木雕塑像。大乘之阁的二楼供藏五方佛，三楼的迥廊上供奉三世佛和宝塔。阁内的墙壁均用万佛龛装饰，每个佛龛内部都有一尊金漆藏泥无量寿佛，共计一万零九十尊，整个殿堂装饰得金碧辉煌。
大乘之阁东侧还有妙严室，是乾隆皇帝进庙休息之所。西侧有讲经堂，是蒙古佛教首领章嘉国师和哲布尊丹巴呼图克图讲经场所。周围还有八栋共40间僧房，是上层佛教界人士驻锡之所和喇嘛僧房。据说在乾隆年间，普宁寺有喇嘛二百多人。
作文承德导游词 篇5
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, uncles, aunts, aunts, husbands,brothers, sisters, ladies and sisters. First of all, on behalf of the boss ofthe travel agency and all the landlords, as well as myself and the driver infront of me, I would like to extend my heartfelt greetings to you.
It's said that 500 times of looking back in the past life, only in exchangefor a brush in this life. Today, we people from different cities can share a carto spend 3 days and 2 nights together in Chengde, which shows the great fatebetween us. It also shows that we didn't do anything else in our last life, andwe turned back.
Having said so much, you still don't know me. Let me introduce myself. I'mthe tour guide of our 3-day tour in Chengde. The moral introduction of my namemakes it easy for you to remember and recognize. You can call me a guide, orwhatever, but don't call a guide. When you call a guide in the scenic area,seven or eight people who turn back don't know who is who.
I know you are very sleepy now, so I'll talk about the itinerary later. Letme get to know you first. If you have anything, you can find me. My phone numberis 188605. At the same time, please remember the license plate number to avoidgetting on the wrong bus. What's the name of our group Group, in the name of thetail number of the license plate, on the one hand, always remind you of thelicense plate, on the other hand, it's the peak tourist season in Chengde.Today, five cars were sent together. I can't tell the group's collectionclearly, so that you can quickly get familiar with the organization.
As we have a long drive, we are expected to arrive in Chengde at about 1p.m., so I'd like to make it clear to you first.
1. First of all, our seats are fixed. We will do whatever we sit today inthe next three days. This seat is not arranged by me. It is arranged by thetravel agency according to the order of everyone's registration. The quality ofour group's tourists is relatively good. It's not said that there aredifferences because of the seats. We are front-line tour guides. We often travelin groups. Once I met a situation where 30 of 50 people in a car said they werecarsick, but our bus can't drive horizontally. Therefore, the travel agencydidn't promise that they would be carsick in front of us when they received theservice, because they were all carsick. So if you want to be the front-linetourists, please register in advance. However, we are at high speed all the way,like this one-and-a-half floor bus, it is the same before and after sitting, andthere will be no carsickness.
2. The luggage reminds you to put the scattered things on the top, and it'sbetter not to put the things in the front two compartments, because the brakingcurve is easy to cause the luggage to fall off, so as to avoid hurting people.Take personal valuables with you.
3. Parents with children must be optimistic about their babies. Don't runaround in the car. We adults are the same. People are not allowed to stand orwalk when the car is running at high speed. Don't feel tired. It's OK to rely onit for a while, because the road conditions are changing at any time. I remembera tourist just like I am now resting. As a result, a person with emergency brakeflew directly past. Although there is insurance, it's not safe Suffer. Althoughthe master is good at driving long-distance Chengde line, but for the sake ofsafety, we try to do in the seat, armrest down and fasten the seat belt.
4. There will be a stop in the service area in about three hours. You canalso go down for a walk to relieve yourself. If you have a friend who is in ahurry, please remember to tell the guide that we are on the highway, not thatyou can't hold it. We can only stop when you get the service area. Withoutspecial circumstances, we normally stop every three hours, so that we can get tothe scenic spot earlier.
5. And then there is the sanitation in the car. First of all, smoking isnot allowed in the car, whether it is running or stationary. Then there is noteating melon seeds and other easy to jump, that are all snacks. Garbage we putin garbage bags, not enough garbage bags to find guide to ha. Remember to takethe garbage down when you get off the car. Some perishable food has beensuffocating for a long time. It really smells bad. Then there is the food withstrong pungent smell. Don't eat stinky tofu, durian or instant noodles in thecar. Carsick friends really can't stand it. You are vomiting when you eat hisnoodles. The picture is too beautiful. I really can't watch it.
6. Finally, there are preferential policies. For those under 18 years oldand after 20__, they only look at the year but not the month. For those who showtheir ID cards, half price student ID cards, full-time graduate students are notincluded. For those over 60 years old from 1949 to 1958, they only look at theyear but not the month. For their ID cards, half price. Those under 1.2 metersand those over 70 years old and 1948 years old should show their ID cards freeof charge. Reporter card, disability card, officer card, online examinationcertificate - free ticket. I'll collect the documents later.
Next, I'd like to introduce the general situation and itinerary of thescenic spots. What items are included in your tour fee, which items are notincluded, which items need to be consumed separately, which places can savemoney, and which scenic spots are not regretful. Come out to travel and consumerationally.
(itinerary introduction) Chengde summer resort, little potala palace, PutuoZongcheng temple, Banchan palace, Xumi Fushou temple, Pule temple, Bangchuimountain, Pule temple, sanguanfeng
Chengde summer resort:
Located in the center of Hebei Province, it is a landmark building,covering an area of 5.64 million square meters, a world cultural heritage, anational AAAAA tourist attraction, a national key cultural relics protectionunit, and one of the four famous gardens in China.
Chengde summer resort, also known as "Chengde Palace" or "Rehe Palace", islocated in the north of Chengde City Center in Hebei Province, on the narrowvalley along the West Bank of WuLie river. It is a place for the Qing emperorsto spend summer and deal with government affairs.
The summer resort was built in 1703. It took 89 years to complete after thereign of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong. The summerresort, with the style of simple and elegant villages and wild interests, takesthe nature of natural landscape and absorbs the scenery of the South and northof the Yangtze River. It has become the largest ancient imperial palace inChina.
The summer resort is divided into four parts: palace area, Lake area, plainarea and mountain area. The whole resort is rich in water in the southeast andmountainous in the northwest. It is the epitome of China's natural landscape, abrilliant milestone in the history of Chinese garden, a masterpiece of Chineseclassical garden art, and the highest example of Chinese classical garden.
On March 4, 1961, the summer resort was announced as the first batch ofnational key cultural relics protection units. Together with the summer palace,Humble Administrator's garden and Liuyuan, it was named as China's four famousgardens. It was listed in the world heritage list in December 1994.
During the reign of Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong of the QingDynasty, about half a year was spent in Chengde. The important political,military, ethnic and diplomatic affairs in the early Qing Dynasty were all dealtwith here. Therefore, Chengde summer resort has become the capital and thesecond political center outside Beijing. Here, Qianlong met and entertained someimportant figures, such as durbert Taiji sancheling, turhuttai jiwobashi and thesixth Panchen Lama, the leader of politics and religion. Both emperor Jiaqingand Xianfeng of Qing Dynasty died here. In 1860, when the British and Frenchallied forces attacked Beijing, Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty fled to thesummer resort for refuge, where he approved several unequal treaties such as theSino Russian Beijing treaty. The "Xinyou coup" that influenced the process ofChinese history, the court coup planned by Cixi, and so on, also originatedhere.
There are two famous scenic spots in it: Jinshan Temple, Jinshan shangbiPavilion, which was built in Jinshan, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. It was thefirst time that Cixi was favored. Liu Xiaoqing also shot the burning ofYuanmingyuan here. Yanyu building: it was built in imitation of the Yanyubuilding in Nanhu, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, and nominated by EmperorQianlong. This is the scene of shufangzhai, the first little swallow in huanzhugege. The big tree that little swallow jumps up and down, and the rockery thatfive elder brothers play hide and seek are all here. Rehe, formerly known asRehe palace, is one of the shortest rivers in the world. It is only 0.3 km long.It was a volcanic eruption zone 70 million years ago. In the Qing Dynasty, thespring water protruding from the spring eye could cook eggs. Later, it waspoured into the spring water of Wulie River, Chengde's mother river, to keep thewater temperature level, with an average temperature of 8 degrees. Rehe washesher hands with water. Women are 20 this year and 19 next year. Men have moneyand beautiful women have everything.
Bangchui mountain
In 1702, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty named this mountain"qingchufeng", which looks like a chime hammer. Jiaqing avoids homophony andchanges it to Bangchui mountain. Qingchui peak is isolated from the gentlemountains. It is just like a towering pillar. The natural shape with a slightlythick upper part and a slightly thin lower part can easily open people'simagination, saying that it can be similar to Namibia's "thumb of God".
What's quite amazing is that there is a mulberry tree about 3 meters highat the waist of qingchufeng. It is estimated that this mulberry tree andqingchufeng have loved each other for 300 years, and it is said to be theearliest mulberry tree in China. There is a platform under the peak and a QingDynasty Tantric statue on the East Cliff. The actual measurement shows that theheight from the platform base to the peak is 59.42 meters, the height of thehammer is 38.29 meters, the volume is 6508.68 cubic meters, and the weight is16200 tons. Qianchufeng is far away from the pavilion of "chufeng luozhao" inthe summer resort.
There are many legends about Bangchui mountain. It is widely spread thatBangchui mountain falls and toad stone runs. In that year, Dayu led people toChengde. He found a toad making waves in the mountain. During the day, Dayu andothers worked hard to drain the water. At night, the toad's stomach swelled andsucked the water back. Dayu was determined to punish the toad. One night, Dayufound that the toad essence was doing mischief again, so he picked up a bighammer for pounding clothes, and beat the toad essence to the ground, turning itinto a big stone. Fearing that it would run out again and harm the people, Dayuthrew the gavel and set it beside the toad stone, turning it into a mountainpeak. Toad fine move, give a mallet. In this way, toad spirit no longer dare tomake trouble, had to lie there obediently, until today.
There is a saying in Chengde that if you touch Bangchui mountain, you willlive to 130.
Pule Temple
It is commonly known as yuantingzi. It was built in 1766, facing west. Atthat time, the relationship between the Northwest Nationalities and the Qinggovernment was increasingly close. The Kazaks living near Balkhash and thebrutes living in the north of Congling constantly sent representatives to makepilgrimage, so the temple was built. Facing the summer resort, the templepresents a situation of stars crowding the moon, symbolizing the unity of amulti-ethnic country. On Bangchui mountain, you can visit the temple of heaventogether. Emperor Qianlong adopted the suggestion of living Buddha Zhang Jia andbuilt the temple in 1766. It was named "Universal Music" with the meaning of"first worry and then joy".
Waiba Temple: Waiba temple is the general name of eight Tibetan Buddhisttemples in the northeast of Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei Province. From 1713to 1780, eight outer temples were successively built. At that time, there were40 temples directly under the Li Fan yuan in Beijing and Chengde, including 32in the capital and 8 in Chengde. Chengde was located outside Beijing and theGreat Wall, so it was called Wai Ba temple, including Puren temple, PushanTemple (no longer exist), Puning Temple, Anyuan Temple, Putuo Zongcheng temple,Shuxiang temple, Xumi Fushou temple and Guangyuan temple. The Qing emperor builtthese temples in order to conform to the custom of the Mongolian, Tibetan andother ethnic minorities believing in Lamaism, "because of their religion, it isnot easy for them to be vulgar", and to achieve the political purpose of"combining the internal and external heart, forming a solid career" of the QingDynasty through "deep benevolence and wealth".
Putuo Zongcheng temple in little potala palace
The layout of the temple is modeled on the Potala Palace in Lhasa, commonlyknown as the "little potala palace". Here Emperor Qianlong met with the leaderof turhu, wobaxi, and his party, and held a grand lecture, saying, birthday andother activities.
Located in the north of Chengde Mountain Resort, the temple was built in1771. "Putuo Zongcheng" is the Potala Palace in Tibetan language. It rises fromthe mountain to the mountain, and is magnificent.
In the 36th year of Qianlong, the 60th birthday of Emperor Qianlong and the80th birthday of empress dowager, the leaders of various ethnic minorities inthe border areas gathered in Chengde to hold a grand birthday celebration,creating an unprecedented situation of national unity.
In order to respect the beliefs of all ethnic groups and unite the peopleof all ethnic groups, Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of this largetemple.
The temple of Zongcheng in Putuo is the largest of the eight outertemples.
Xumi Fushou Temple
Xumi Fushou temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit, islocated on the south slope of Shizigou in the north of Chengde Mountain Resortin Hebei Province, east of Putuo Zongcheng temple. In 1780, the sixth PanchenLama set out from zhashlunbu temple in Shigatse to celebrate Emperor Qianlong's70th birthday. After a long journey of more than 20000 Li, he came to Chengdeafter 13 months. In order to welcome the sixth Panchen, Emperor Qianlong built atemple of Xumi Fushou for the sixth Panchen to preach and live in, which is alsocalled "Panchen Palace". "Xumishan", the Tibetan name "zhahui", is an auspiciousplace for Jie to live in; "Fushou", the Tibetan name "Lunbu". Xumi Fushou meansto live as long as the auspicious Xumi mountain. The temple with the highestgold content is also the only one with full-time commentators. Next to thelittle potala palace, you can visit it together.
Kuixing Building
It is the only Taoist temple to visit today. The main scenic spots forstudying are distributed in three areas: square garden area, palace area andlandscaping area: Longmen, Zhongdou palace, 72 blessed land, Rongshi Lezhenhall, Hongwen hall, Kuixing main building, chengtiantai, Congming spring, andtrestle road around the mountain. Among them, the Rongshi Lezhen hall is theEast and west side hall, which respectively worships eight statues of "Shou, Xi,Le, he" and "Fu, Lu, Cai, an". The painted images are exquisitely carved andunique.
It was built in 1828 A.D. in Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty. The originalbuilding stands on the top of Banbi mountain. It is a three room hard mountainbuniwa hall. At that time, it was full of incense. In order to facilitate theexchange of incense, a dock and a tea shed were built at the foot of Banbimountain. Later, Kuixing building was destroyed due to disrepair. The newlybuilt Kuixing building is located on the original Banbi mountain, covering anarea of more than 100 mu. Its construction scale is much larger than that of theoriginal building, and many new cultural contents are added. The whole group ofbuildings are gorgeous in color, grand and magnificent, and well arrangedaccording to the mountain.
Sanguanfeng
Located in the south of Chengde City, the relative height of the peak is300 meters, with an altitude of 650 meters. The peak is shaped like a monk hat,and Emperor Qianlong named it sengguan peak. The peak is adjacent to Wulie waterin the East and Jiuhua Mountain in the south. In spring, summer and autumn,morning and evening, the clouds on the top of the mountain rise like gauze andlight silk. In the severe winter, silver is covered in plain clothes, vast andmagnificent. The most amazing thing about this mountain is not the beauty of thescenery, but the ability to "gather and disperse with clouds and take up theexperience of sunshine and rain". The local proverb says, "wear a rain cap whenit rains, and a wind cap when it blows.". When the local people see the cloudsgathering at the top of Seng Mao mountain, they know it will rain; when they seethe clouds behind Seng Mao mountain, they know it will be windy. The Buddhastatues of sengguanfeng can be photographed. The cliff stone carving is thelight of Buddhism.
作文承德导游词 篇6
Hello, ladies and gentlemen!
Welcome to Baiyun ancient cave for sightseeing. Today, I will guide you. Myname is __×. I hope we can have a good cooperation.
(suspension bridge carved stone wall)
Now the bridge we want to cross is Baiyun ancient cave suspension bridge.Maybe some of us haven't crossed this bridge yet. Please experience it today.The river under our feet is called Chaohe River. Its source is Huangqi Town inour county. The river water directly flows into Miyun Reservoir in Beijing. Mostof the drinking water of the people in the capital comes from this river.
Not far across the river, we can see four pieces of white marble inlaid onthe stone wall facing us, which are engraved with four big green official scriptcharacters of "Baiyun ancient cave". This is the handwriting of Mr. oberda, afamous calligrapher. It is powerful and memorable.
(to the ticket office)
Now we have entered the Baiyun ancient cave scenic spot Yihua Li. Baiyunancient cave is the general name of a group of natural caves. There are ninecaves and thirty-six scenes in the scenic area. Our cave is Baiyun ancient cave,and the small one is Shenfeng cave. Thirty six scenic spots include yingkefeng,quxiantian, lianyinzhai, shibaotan, dayueyatian, xiaoyueyatian and so on. Thewhole mountain is characterized by "green mountains, beautiful waters, no roadin doubt, another village with hidden willows and bright flowers". It integrates"strange, dangerous, secluded and beautiful" in one, with monks, Taoists andnuns living together in one mountain. It is 200 meters away from the scenicYingke peak. Baiyun ancient cave has woshi mountain in the north, Xianyuanmountain in the East, Lianhua Mountain in the west, and Bianqiang mountain andBijia mountain in the south. Surrounded by mountains, covering an area of 8square kilometers, the tour takes about 4 hours to complete.
Baiyun ancient cave is the place where Buddhists live, with "patio"; Babaocave is the holy land of Taoism, with "Dijing"; haha cave is the place wherenuns live, with "Renjing". These caves face south in the north, warm in winterand cool in summer. Nature has created good living conditions for humanbeings.
Every May, it's sunny and windy, and flowers are in full bloom, but here isstill a glacier, and it doesn't begin to melt until the middle of June. When wetake a picture on the glacier, the picture shows the scene of winter and spring.The sharp contrast can give people a strange imagination.
There are many waterfalls in the scenic area. There is water in themountain and the water forms a lake. There are boats in the lake and fish at thebottom of the boat. Visiting Baiyun ancient cave is an opportunity to exercisepeople's courage and perseverance. The journey here is rather dangerous. Pleasebe prepared for climbing. For your safety, if you have guests wearing plasticsoled shoes, sandals and high-heeled shoes, please change into travel shoes orsports shoes.
(ticket office - yingkefeng)
Baiyun ancient cave used to be a place with beautiful mountains and rivers,towering ancient trees, and birds and animals. No one dares to come here. Later,Haiguang and Hemingway came here to hunt and found a sika deer, so they archedwith a bow. After the deer got the arrow, they ran to the Baiyun ancient cave.The two brothers followed the bloodstain and came to the cave. Suddenly, thedeer disappeared. In front of them, there were seventy-two small Kang beds, eachwith a pile of bones and gold and silver. They were shocked and influenced. Fromthen on, they gave up their hunting life, He decided to build a temple with thegold and silver and become a monk.
According to research, in the early Ming Dynasty, when the king of Yanswept the north, the local rich man fled into the mountains for refuge. For fearof exposing the target, they did not dare to use fireworks. After a long time,people became ill, and they were all killed. In this way, gold and silver areleft behind.
From Haiguang and Haiming to Wuhe, the thirty first generation monk, Baiyuncave was full of fireworks. "During this period, Wuhe was driven down themountain. From then on, the trees were cut down and the temple was demolishedand turned into ruins. After the reform and opening up, it began to rebuild, andafter ten years of hard work, it gradually restored its original appearance.It's a pity that the old trees have disappeared. It's a pity for Baiyun ancientcave.
Now we are about to enter the "fairyland". The peak in front of us iscalled Yingke peak. It looks like a giant hand and welcomes you politely. Whoneeds to take a picture? Please hurry up and take a good picture.
(crescent moon)
Dear friends, please stand in the position I choose for you. You see, thecliff here is like a blade. The two mountains are crowded together, leaving onlyone crack. When people walk in it, it's hard to see the sun. In the dangerousplace, two mountains, one concave and one convex, form crescent shape, revealinga blue sky. Every noon, the sun and moon shine, quite spectacular. What is thegeological origin of a canyon like the crescent moon? About 110 million yearsago, after the eruption of the volcano, there were many uplifts, compressions,collisions, cracks, and long-term rain erosion, resulting in long or narrowcanyons.
(by the ten waterfall pool)
This is ten waterfall pool. You will understand that there are nine poolsbehind it. Shibaotan was built in 1992 with a depth of 3 meters. People have tocross the water and the stones go up. The stones are steep and the mosses areslippery. Please pay attention to your safety.
(entering Lianyin Village)
Attention, everyone. We are entering Lianyin village. This is a passage tothe mountains. This section of road is very narrow, only 2 feet wide. From thenon, fat people have to close their abdomen and thin people have to sideshoulder. You see, the two mountains stand on the wall, as if to embrace, butthey are separated by the gap between the mountains, revealing a line of bluesky, shaped like a crescent moon, also known as "little crescent moon". In thegap between the two mountains, a spring comes, and the spring drops from thestone into the cave, forming a small waterfall. The pool is quiet and clear,which is amazing. There are more than 100 meters of plank plank path in Lianyinvillage. Because of the mountain shelter, not see the sun, shadow, cool long, socalled "Lianyin village".
(to shoutaotan)
This is shoutaotan. You see, does it look like a big peach? It's said thatonce upon a time, when the queen mother held a flat peach party, the monkey kingmade havoc in the heavenly palace, stole the peach, and the heavenly soldiersand generals chased it here. The monkey king accidentally lost the peach. Afterthe peach was taken away, it became a "peach pond". In order to live a longlife, people put money in the clock to express their wishes. Anyone who wants tovote can have a try. It's going to cross Changshou bridge. Please pay attentionto safety. Longevity bridge is named after shoutaotan. People can live longerwhen they cross the bridge. This longevity bridge and the old pine in front ofit are good places to take pictures. source
(into blessing cave)
Now we are at the blessing cave. The cave is 15 meters deep, dark and ofdifferent heights. In the dark corner, a statue of God "blessing from heaven" isworshipped. This is a statue I saw on the way. Lucky star is the incarnation ofBigan. People call him God of wealth. (pointing to "stone meat") dear friends,what are these? Do they look like pieces of meat? Yes, this is "stone meat". Itgrows in stone crevice, is a kind of stone, like lean meat but tasteless, cansatisfy hunger, is also a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, scientific name"Yuliangshi."
(upper Babao cave)
Babao cave is here. Look, there's a yard. It's so elegant. Qingyun templeis built here. It is the place for Longmen Taoist to cultivate themselves.Qingyun temple was built in the Yuan Dynasty. It was rebuilt twice in 1631 andGuangxu 24. It was damaged during the reconstruction period. It was rebuiltafter the reform and opening up. Taoist Xu Zongjie was invited to guard thetemple and receive tourists. Now Xu Dao is 90 years old, and he often practicesmartial arts. His body is light.
There are eight treasures in Babao Cave: ground well, stone meat, deer,crane, fish, camellia, Acacia and Ganoderma lucidum.
(rest in the pavilion of visiting immortals)
Visiting immortal road is the route to Erxian cave. We have to pass the 30meter high "champion ladder" to reach the peak of Erxian cave. On that mountain,the peak is as steep as a sword. On the hillside cliff, there are two naturalcaves, one up and one down, like two suspended portals. In addition, there arecranes roaming here, the wind is clear and the crane is singing, which makespeople feel like immortals, so it is called "Er Xian Dong". There is a "cranecave" near Erxian cave. There is a crane nest in the cave. According toobservation, this group of cranes are gray black, with a white head and tail.They are about one meter high and have wings about 1.5 meters. We call them"seven fairies". When they fly in the air, their posture is very beautiful!
(on Xiuzhen Road)
Please be careful. We are going to pass the "cultivation of truth". This isa passage between Baiyun ancient cave and Babao cave. Because babaodong Taoistcultivates his nature on the mountain, it is called "the way of cultivatingtruth". Xiuzhen road is made by hand. The stone steps seem to hang on the stonewall, which is very dangerous. The stone steps are divided into two sections.The width of the stone steps is more than one foot. There are 72 levels intotal. It is said that there are 72 changes. Visitors can count the stone stepsone at a time. No one can count how many levels they are. Let's have a try.
(on the edge of cloud pool)
You can see what a beautiful reservoir it is. It intercepts the deepmountain springs and converges to form the wonder of high mountain and plainlake. People call it "cloud pool". Yunchi covers an area of about 600 squaremeters, with a water depth of 5.5 meters. There are more than 3000 carp in thepond, and the big one weighs 5 kg. The colorful boat in Yunchi is an ideal propfor tourists to take photos. Especially when YINGSHANHONG is open, you can feelthe interest of "walking on both sides of the majestic green mountains in themiddle reaches of the small bamboo river".
(sanshandou button)
Now we are standing in the center of Baiyun ancient cave group. Please lookup and see that the high mountains and cliffs here are like flying from the sky.The three peaks are together. The mountains are closely linked, and themountains are connected. You can block me and compete with each other, so theyare called "three mountain buckles". This is the fork road to Babao cave,Chaoyang cave and haha cave. Chaoyang cave, the ancient Baiyun cave, is only 460meters away from here.
(Baiyun cave gate)
The original gate of Baiyun cave, which was rebuilt in 1994, has longdisappeared. The peaks on three sides of Baiyun cave are natural barriers, andthe gate is a passage. The top of the mountain gate is a narrow line of bluesky, and the foot of the mountain gate is a deep valley and flowing spring. Doyou think this mountain gate has the momentum of "one man is in charge of thepass, ten thousand people are not allowed to open it"?
(walking on the "18 sets"
Dear friends, we are now walking on the "Eighteen plates". From the gate ofBaiyun cave to Baiyun ancient cave, the mountain road is rugged, with a total of18 bends, so it is called "18 plates". Road twists and turns, please slow down.(finger "cactus") dear friends, please look in the direction of my finger, thatis "cactus". You see, does that mountain look like the palm of a man? From adistance, "cactus" seems to stick to the precipice of Qianshan with no gap. Butstanding on the side of Baiyun ancient cave, you will find that the "cactus" iscompletely isolated from the cliff, it stands alone, very strange. (Baiyunancient cave)
Dear friends, Baiyun ancient cave is here. Baiyun ancient cave, also knownas Chaoyang cave, is named for its north facing south and its top stone lookslike white clouds. Baiyun cave is 4 meters high, 20 meters wide, 26 meters deep,covering an area of more than 600 square meters, and can accommodate 3000people. It is a cave in the scenic area. It was here that the 72 small Kang wasfound.
The well-known Baohua temple is built in the ancient Baiyun cave. In thecenter of the cave, there were six halls, in front of which there was a pavilionin which Maitreya was worshipped. There are three Bodhisattvas on the left andthree emperors on the right. There is a stone village behind the main hall,where the ancestors meditated.
Look, the stone crack on the top of the North cave is dripping. That's thepatio. Below is the big pot for water. Whether it's rainy season or dry season,it's dripping. There's a lot of water in the big pot, not much to drink. Somepeople take water as a medicine guide, which is very effective.
Deep on the right side of Baiyun cave, there is a cave called bottomlesscave. It is said that there were two women carrying two baskets of candles toexplore the cave, but they never came out. In order to avoid the danger of latergenerations, the monk closed the cave. It's still a mystery what it looks like.Which of us can solve this mystery in the future?
Ladies and gentlemen, due to the time constraint, we are here to end ourtour today. Although you haven't visited all the scenic spots, do you feel thatBaiyun ancient cave scenic spot has "the danger of Huashan Mountain, the beautyof Huangshan Mountain and the power of Mount Tai"?
Welcome to come again. I wish you all good health. Goodbye!
作文承德导游词 篇7
女士们、先生们：
你们好！欢迎大家来承德避暑山庄观光游览。避暑山庄位于承德市区北部，是我国现存最大的古典皇家园林。
避暑山庄是清代康、乾盛世的象征。作为山庄缔造者的康熙、，都曾六下江南，遍历天下景物之美。在修建避暑山庄时，博采众家之长，融合中国南北园林风格为一体，使避暑山庄成为中国古典园林艺术的总结与升华。我国园林专家们说，整个避暑山庄就是祖国锦绣河山的缩影。专家们为什么会这样说呢？这个问题我想还是请女士们、先生们游览了避暑山庄之后再来回答。不过，我这里先给大家提个醒，这原因与避暑山庄的地形有关。（导游员采用悬念法，以激发游客游览的兴趣）
各位，避暑山庄到了，请大家下车，现在我就带领大家一睹她的风采。
（在丽正门外）
女士们，先生们，我们面前这座古色古香的门，就是避暑山庄的正门，叫丽正门，是清代皇帝进出的门。宫门面宽三间，上下两层。下层辟有三个方形的门洞，上层有城台和阙楼。你们看，中间门洞的上方有一块石匾，上面是皇帝用满、藏、汉、蒙、维五种文字题写的“丽正门”，它象征着我们祖国是一个统一的多民族国家。门的两边有两尊石狮，以显示皇帝的威严。门前有御道广场，青石铺路，广场东西各立一块石碑，上面用满、蒙、藏、汉四种文字刻着“官员人等至此下马”，所以我们又叫它下马碑。广场南边有一道红色照壁，使这座皇家园林与外界隔开。关于红照壁，传说里边藏有从鸡冠山飞来的金鸡，在夜深人静时，轻叩照壁，金鸡就会发出叽叽的叫声。如果哪位想考证一下的话，就请夜里到这里来听一听。好了！今天我请大家当一回“皇帝”，进去感受一下皇帝的生活。
（进丽正门内）
请各位向右看，远处的山峦上，有一巨大石柱，擎天而立，直插云端。它上粗下细，很像洗衣用的棒槌，我们承德人叫它棒槌山，康熙皇帝赐名“磬锤峰”。修建避暑山庄时，巧借此景，使山庄内外浑然一体，扩大了空间感，创造了新的意境美，这是山庄设计者运用“借景”这一造园艺术的成功典范。一般来承德的人，都要到山上去摸一下棒槌山，因为承德民间流传这样一句话：“摸到棒槌山，能活一百三。”如果大家有兴趣的话，不妨明天上山摸一摸，一定很有意思的。
前面这片宫殿就是清代皇帝在承德“办公居住”的地方，现在承德人把这里为避暑山庄博物馆。
（在第一展室里）
首先映入我们眼帘的这张图就是避暑山庄全图，是清代山庄鼎盛时期的全貌图。避暑山庄，又叫“热河行宫”、“承德离宫”。它从康熙四十二年（1703年）开始动工兴建，至五十七年（1792年）最后落成，历时89年。清代前中期的几位皇帝几乎每年都来这里消夏避暑，处理政务，通常是每年农历四、五月份来，九、十月份返回北京。避暑山庄实际上已成为清朝的第二政治中心。整个山庄占地564万平方米，它的面积大约是北京颐和园的两倍，北海的8倍。山庄可分为宫殿区和苑景区两部分，宫殿区由正宫、松鹤斋、万壑松风和东宫四组建筑组成。苑景区又分为山区、湖区、平原区三部分。以山区面积最广，约占山庄总面积的70%多。山庄集全国园林精华于一园，具有南秀北雄的特点。清代山庄内共有亭子90座，堤桥29座，碑刻摩崖25处，假山叠石70余组，殿宇、楼堂、寺庙、亭台、塔阁等各种建筑120余组，总建筑面积达10万多平方米。康熙皇帝以4个字命名的36景和皇帝以3个字命名的36景最为著名，合称“避暑山庄72景”。康熙皇帝称赞这里是“自有山川开北极，天然风景胜西湖。”山庄宫墙长约10公里，因为它形似长城，我们承德人亲切地称它为“小长城”。宫墙外是仿全国各族著名庙宇而修建的皇家寺庙群，这些寺庙呈半圆形环绕在山庄外围，形成众星拱月之势，象征着当时全国各民族紧紧围绕在清王朝统治中心的周围。随着岁月的流逝，朝代的变更，避暑山庄也历尽了沧桑。新中国成立后，山庄才得到了新生，现在是全国保存得最好、规模最大的皇家园林，是世界文化遗产、是中外驰名的旅游胜地。
（来到第二展室）
这里展出的大部分是图片，这张木兰秋图是最引人注目的。木兰，是满语哨鹿的意思。哨鹿的方法是黎明前，士兵们潜入山林，身披鹿皮，头戴鹿角，口吹木哨，模仿公鹿的叫声。秋天正是鹿求偶分群的季节，用这种方法将母鹿引出来以便射杀。是指秋天打猎。这张图是清代兴隆阿所画，描绘的是200多年前皇帝打猎的场面。你们也许会感到奇怪，清朝皇帝为什么要率领大队人马千里迢迢来这里打猎呢？因为清帝入关以后，历史上英勇善战的八旗部队战斗力开始下降，他们有的临阵脱逃，有的自创伤痕，有时一人受伤，多人护送，为的是不上前线。康熙皇帝认识到，提高士兵素质，巩固北部边疆已成为当务之急。在这种形势下，康熙皇帝亲自率领八旗将士，出喜峰口，北上巡视，设置了以习武绥远为目的的木兰围场。木兰围场的建立，是清朝与蒙、藏民族友好关系的产物，它密切了蒙、藏地区与中原地区的关系，加强了满、蒙、藏、汉各族人民之间的交流，巩固了北部边防，有利于抵御沙皇俄国的侵略和扩张。一年一度的围猎每次要进行20天左右，皇帝亲率政府各部官员及满、蒙八旗军队参加。为满足大批人马食宿休息、储蓄物品及皇帝处理政务的需要，从北京至围场要修建十余座行宫。热河处于这条北巡路线的中间地带，从北京到这里，奏章朝发夕至，而且这里气候宜人，风光秀丽，水草丰盛，所以康熙决定在这里修建一座大的行宫，这就是热河行宫。对此，有一句话讲得十分清楚：“我皇祖建此山庄于塞外，非为一己之豫游，盖贻万世之缔构也”。历史表明，秋大典和避暑山庄的建立，达到了康熙皇帝“合内外之心，成巩固之业”的政治目的。现在我们再来看这张图，它可分为两部分，一是御营，二是猎场。御营是皇帝居住和处理朝政的地方；猎场是实际打猎的地方。打猎时都有严明的组织和纪律，伪装成鹿的士兵把鹿引出来后，军士们逐步缩小包围圈，达到人并肩、马并耳的程度，但不能随便射杀。这时皇帝首先出来射第一箭，然后才是王公大臣、将士们依次射杀。图上画的是猎杀鹿的情景。请大家跟我向前走。
这第二道门叫“阅射门”，是皇帝观看皇子皇孙射箭比赛的地方。门的上方悬有一块匾，上面写着“暑山庄”四个镏金大字，是康熙皇帝的御笔，此匾精美绝伦，分外醒目。也许你们已经发现，这避暑山庄的“避”字多写了一横，是康熙皇帝写错了，还是另有原因呢？还是这位先生（小姐）说对了，原来在清代两个“避”字同时使用，无论用哪一种写法都是正确的，这是一种异体字现象。在这里康熙皇帝是为了追求书法美才这样写的。
门前两侧这两个铜狮，威风凛凛。说起这两个铜狮，还有一段动人的传说呢！相传在中国抗日战争时期，日本侵略军侵占了承德并大肆抢劫。有一天一群日本兵发现这两个铜狮子很漂亮，是无价之宝，就想抢走，可是铜狮子太重，他们搬也搬不动，于是就分头去找工具。这一切让护院的老人看在眼里，痛在心上。他想铜狮子是国家的财宝，决不能让日本兵抢走。他灵机一动，立即从村里找来猪血，涂在狮子的眼睛上，等日本兵找到工具回来后发现狮子的眼睛红红的，都哭出了血，个个吓得目瞪口呆，害怕搬动狮子会给他们带来厄运，便慌里慌张地逃走了，这对国宝才得以保留至今。现在这对铜狮成了人们心目中的吉祥物。如果大家想万事如意的话，千万别忘了摸摸它。
（来到澹泊敬诚殿前）
这个面阔七间，进深三重的大殿叫“澹泊敬诚”殿。“澹泊”二字来自于《易经》：“不烦不扰，澹泊不失”，诸葛亮在其《戒子书》中又说，“非澹泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远”。康熙皇帝题“澹泊敬诚”这四个字，含蓄地表达了他“居安思危，崇尚节俭”的思想。这个殿是避暑山庄的主殿，是清代皇帝在山庄居住时处理朝政和举行盛大庆典的地方。整个大殿用珍贵的楠木建造，因此又叫“楠木殿”。每当阴雨连绵之时，楠木散发着缕缕清香，沁人心脾。楠木产自云贵和江浙一带的深山峡谷之中，在没有先进运输工具的清代，将这些笨重的木材从遥远的南方运到塞北，大都装船河运或利用河水结冰和在旱路上泼水结冰的冬季，将木材放在冰上，依靠人力又拉又推，运到承德，其艰难是不言而喻的。据史料记载，为了修建这座楠木殿，耗费白银7.2万两，用工19万个。大殿外观古朴淡雅，不饰彩绘，殿内大理石铺地，正中地坪上设有皇帝的宝座。宝座周围设有宝象、端、仙鹤、香亭、如意等，精雕细刻，造型十分优美。宝座的'后面有一个紫檀木屏风，上面刻有163个人物，形态逼真，栩栩如生，为“农家耕织长乐图”，以表示皇帝临朝时刻不忘百姓。在清代这个殿的东西山墙上挂着“皇舆全图”，就是清代的地图，是清政府派专人测绘的。殿内北墙两侧墙壁上装有楠木书格，贮放着《古今图书集成》1万卷。你们可能会问：澹泊敬诚殿是举行盛大庆典的地方，那么当年是怎么一番盛况呢？那就要从松鹤斋南面的钟楼说起。当宣布庆祝大典或觐见开始，司钟人立即登上钟楼敲钟，钟响9下之后，山庄内各庙宇的钟声齐鸣，紧接着外八庙的钟声也相继应和。各种钟皆鸣81声。大殿前东西相对的两个乐亭里宫廷乐师们开始奏乐，在八音和谐、箫鼓齐鸣之下，文武百官就位，皇帝端庄肃穆，面南巍坐，开始处理朝政了。我想，你们的脑海里也许已经浮现出这一壮观的场面了吧？
皇帝还在澹泊敬诚殿接见少数民族的首领。十九年（1754年）接见过厄鲁特蒙古杜尔伯特部三策凌；三十六年（1771年）秋，接见过不远万里从伏尔加河流域回归祖国的土尔扈特汗渥巴锡一行；四十五年（1780年）农历七月廿一日，接见了西藏政教首领六世班禅额尔德尼。说到班禅话就长了，据史料记载，在接见仪式上，班禅先献吉祥哈达，跪请圣安。离开宝座亲手扶起，操藏语问佛安：“长途跋涉，必感辛劳。”班禅答：“远叨圣恩，一路平安。”在过去，见皇帝，只跪不拜，这次班禅则要求行跪拜礼，以表示敬重皇帝，拥护王朝，对此颇为满意。八月十三日，清廷为皇帝70岁寿辰举行盛大庆典时，给予班禅最高规格的待遇，二人携手同登宝座，共同接受蒙古王公、各扈从大臣及外国使节的祝贺，随从班禅的三大寺堪布及蒙古章嘉国师唱赞无量寿经。庆典之后，为班禅举行四次大型野宴。宴会中伴有相扑、杂技、赛马、烟火、音乐、舞蹈等文体节目，丰富多采，惊险动人。六世班禅东行承德，密切了西藏与清中央政府的关系，遏制了英国东印度公司对西藏的渗透分裂活动。回顾历史，在澹泊敬诚殿这个政治舞台上，曾演出过一幕幕对清王朝一统江山有重大影响的活剧，谱写了一曲曲民族团结的颂歌。
请各位绕过回廊，展现在我们面前的就是面阔五楹的四知书屋。楹，堂屋前部的柱子。面阔五楹就是面宽五间的意思。什么是“四知”呢？皇帝可不是指汉朝杨震所说的：做官要廉洁，不可贪脏枉法，办事再机密也瞒不过去，因为有“天知、地知、你知、我知”。皇帝所题的“四知”一语出于《易经》。因《易经》中说“君子知微、知彰、知柔、知刚，万夫之望。”皇帝对此话十分赞赏，因为恰好表达了他刚柔相济、恩威并施的统治策略。皇帝上朝前后，在这里更衣，有时也在此召见王公大臣和少数民族首领。万岁照房和配房现在展出的是御用官窑瓷器、珐琅器、帝后车舆和石鼓，请各位仔细欣赏这些稀世珍品，一定会让您大饱眼福的。
（向北行至烟波致爽殿院内）
这里是宫殿区的后半部分，叫“后寝”，是帝后和嫔妃们居住的地方。北殿为烟波致爽殿。康熙皇帝说这里“四围秀岭，十里平湖，致有爽气”，所以才题了这个殿名。明间陈设考究，富丽堂皇；西暖阁是皇帝的寝宫。所谓暖阁，就是在地面以下设有火道，冬季将红罗炭点燃，热气上达，满屋皆暖。同时屋里还放有火炉和薰笼，皇帝脚下设脚炉。康熙、嘉庆、咸丰等皇帝都曾在这里居住过。室内靠北墙，紫檀落地罩内是皇帝的卧床，咸丰十一年（1861年），咸丰皇帝就病殁在这张床上。我们现在参观的这个酷似民居的小院，在清代却发生过一系列重大历史事件。1860年，英法联军进攻北京，农历八月初八，咸丰皇帝害怕洋人，携太后和慈安、慈禧两个皇后逃到热河来避难。也就是在这里，咸丰皇帝签准了清政府分别与英、法、俄三国签订的丧权辱国的《北京条约》，并承认《中俄瑷珲条约》有效，使我国失去了大片领土和主权。咸丰死后，慈禧在这里策划了辛酉政变，开始垂帘听政，统治清朝长达48年之久，把中国进一步推向苦难的深渊。
烟波致爽殿两侧有两个跨院。东边的叫东所，咸丰在承德时是慈安皇后的住所，现在展出的是清代宫廷钟表。西边的叫西所，咸丰在承德时是慈禧的住所，现在展出的是慈禧当年的一些生活用品和照片。
云山胜地楼为正宫最后一进。这是一座玲珑别致的两层楼房，这个楼的特点内没有楼梯，而是沿楼前假山上的蹬道上楼。两侧朝房是宫廷挂屏和玻璃皿专题展览，光采夺目，让我们百看不厌。
（万壑松风桥至如意洲）
看完了正宫博物馆，我们现在来到了湖区，“山庄以山名，而胜趣实在水”区面积为57公顷，现在有七湖八岛。整个湖区一泓清水，洲岛错落，一派江南水乡秀色。你们看，右边湖上的三座亭子叫“水心榭”，屹立在石桥之上，结构匀称，明快轻盈。前面的这条长堤将左边的环碧、中间的如意洲和右边的月色江声连接起来，从高处看，这一堤三岛形状如灵芝，所以康熙皇帝给它起的名字叫芝径云堤。环碧岛上建有东、西相邻的两个庭院，各有殿三楹，名字是“澄光室”和“环碧”。在环碧殿以北，临近湖边的地方，有座草亭，形似斗笠。康熙年间，每逢农历七月十五日中元节时，常在这里举行盂兰盆会。月色江声岛上有康熙题名的门殿“月色江声”。每当月上东山之时，远山如黛，近水鸣吟，诗请画意，真是美极了！门殿以北有“静寄山房”、“莹心堂”等多组建筑，康熙、皇帝都曾经在这里读书。
请大家跟我沿芝径云堤北行，右前方隔湖相望的是金山岛。石岛在湖水环抱之中，意境与江苏镇江的金山很相似。岛上主体建筑“上帝阁”，是清代皇帝祭祀真武大帝和玉皇大帝的地方。山上平台建有两座殿堂。此外，还有月牙形的“芳洲亭”、“爬山廊”等建筑，当年皇帝乘龙舟就在这里登岸。
我们来到了湖区最大的岛屿──如意洲岛。岛上建筑很多，康乾七十二景中有十景在这里。主体建筑是一座宫殿。门殿的名字是“无暑清凉”，正殿为“延薰山馆”，面宽七楹，建筑宏伟，殿后有“水芳岩秀”殿。正宫落成前，这里是康熙皇帝处理朝政和居住的地方。现在这里展出的是清宫用品。岛的西北处是著名的园中之园──沧浪屿，是仿苏州“沧浪亭”而建的。虽面积不大，但殿堂、水阁、清泉、小亭、回廊巧妙地组织在一起，相互因借，恰到好处，令人流连忘返。电影《知音》的第一组镜头就是在这里拍摄的。（跨过曲桥登上青莲岛）
女士们，先生们，迎面这座玲珑秀丽的建筑，叫烟雨楼。这是一座面宽五楹、上下两层的小楼，楼的上下还有围廊。二楼上的云龙金匾是皇帝题写的。烟雨楼与门殿之间是一个规整的方院，几棵古松苍劲挺拔。月台下两座石须弥座上有铜鹿一对。烟雨楼是仿浙江嘉兴的烟雨楼而建的。每当阴雨时节，细雨蒙蒙，登楼远眺，只见远山近水，尽在轻纱薄雾笼罩之中，如入仙境。楼东有“青阳书屋”，是皇帝习文读书的地方；楼西南有“对山斋”，面对着假山。山上建有六角形凉亭，名字叫翼亭。
（沿澄湖北岸经“水流云在”、“莺啭乔木”诸亭东行）
我们现在到达的地方就是闻名遐尔的热河泉。泉边上这块石碑，写着“热河”两个大字。因为泉水温热，又有上游的温泉水汇入，所以冬天也不结冰。尤其是周围白雪皑皑时，这里的湖面却热气蒸腾，实为奇观。
（进入避暑山庄平原区）
我们眼前这片开阔的平原，面积有千余亩，是由“万树园”和“试马埭”两部分组成的。万树园地势平坦，林木苍郁，驯鹿野兔出没期间，是塞外难得的草原风光。试马埭位于万树园西侧，绿草如茵，驰道如弦，是清代皇帝赴木兰围场举行“秋大典”之前，选拔骏马的地方。
（来到万树园以西的文津阁）
各位看到的这座秀丽的古建筑就是清代著名的藏书楼──文津阁。津，是水的渡口。文津，是文化知识的渡口。如欲求得知识，便需自此问津的意思。它和北京紫禁城内的文渊阁、圆明园的文源阁、沈阳故宫的文溯阁合称“内廷四阁”。这组建筑坐北朝南，门殿、假山、水池、楼阁相继排列。主体建筑文津阁处于山环水抱之中，上下各六间，是仿浙江宁波天一阁而建。从外观上看，它是两层，里边实际是三层，中间一层为暗层，阳光不能直接射入，以便更好地保护图书。阁内曾藏有巨著《古今图书集成》和《四库全书》各一部。
（来到阁前水池边）
请大家站在我身边，顺着我手指的方向看，瞧！池中一弯新月，在水中轻轻抖动。这是天上月亮的倒影吗？不是，天上正是丽日当空。是我们眼睛的错觉吗？更不是，我们看得这样真真切切。这就是堪称承德一绝的“日月同辉”奇观。究竟是怎么回事呢？请各位到前面的假山中自己去寻找答案。（此时导游员给游客留出几分钟时间去寻找。）大家请注意，这位先生（小姐）是最先找到答案的！原来这是利用光的反射原理，透过山洞南壁的月牙形缺口，在水中倒映出的影子。
（带游客到榛子峪口）
我市的旅游、文物部门联合推出的“乘车环山游”这一旅游项目，既安全，又方便。现在我们就乘汽车到山区看看。位于山庄西北部的山区约占避暑山庄总面积的五分之四，如果步行的话，大概一天也游不完的。
（导游员请游客上车）
你们看，这里峰峦起伏，松涛阵阵。自南而北依次有榛子峪、西峪、松林峪、梨树峪、松云峡5条沟峪，情趣各不相同。我们现在游览的这条沟就是榛子峪。榛子峪、西峪松林遍谷，间或有榛丛、栎树；梨树峪景色很美，春天梨花万树，芳香扑鼻，秋天果实满枝头；松云峡古松参天，莽莽苍苍。清代曾在这里依山就势构筑了40多组风格不同的园林、寺庙、碑碣建筑。因年代久远，大部分已自然坍塌。这里特别让我们痛惜的是位于西湖以西山坡上的珠源寺。寺内建有两层高的佛阁，名叫“宗镜阁”，它内外均用铜铸，制作精良，雕刻巧妙，而且可以自由装卸，里边供奉的释迦牟尼等佛像也为铜铸，所以俗称“铜殿”。但现在仅存有基址，它并非毁于自然。这是为什么呢？原来，抗日战争期间，日本鬼子侵入承德，抢走好多珍宝文物，并拆毁了宗镜阁，除三块铜匾幸存下来以外，其余全被日本侵略军运往日本。今日的宗镜阁遗址，如同北京圆明园遗址一样，成了我们进行爱国主义教育的好课堂。（汽车在四面云山亭附近停下来，导游员带领游客登上四面云山亭）
各位现在登上的这个亭子叫四面云山亭。它是山区的最高点。亭中长风四达，虽是盛夏，也凉爽如秋。皇帝每来山庄，必到此一游，并触景生情，写诗多首。其中两句是“绝顶平临北斗齐，座中惟觉众山低。”今天各位看到的比皇帝看得还要丰富，不仅可以欣赏到皇帝当年欣赏的自然风光，而且还可以远眺承德市区新貌！
（汽车来到西北门，导游员带领大家登上宫墙）
中国有句名言：“不到长城非好汉”。现在我们大家已经登上了承德的小长城──山庄宫墙。它依山就势，蜿蜒起伏。各位在宫墙上漫步，南可望雄奇秀丽的山庄，北可望金碧辉煌的外八庙。你们看，这座庙就是酷似西藏布达拉宫的普陀宗乘之庙，那座是六世班禅的行宫──须弥福寿之庙，距我们稍远一点的那座庙叫普宁寺，那里供有世界最高木雕佛像──千手千眼观世音菩萨。明天我将带领大家去参观这些寺庙。现在带照像机的朋友，可以在这里多照几张像，不然，你们是会后悔的哟！（汽车经“青枫绿屿”下山，环山游结束）
穿过这片地势平坦的草原，前边这座高耸入云的塔叫舍利塔，是仿杭州的六和塔和南京的报恩寺塔而建的。塔身为九层八面，高67米，我们承德人叫它“六和塔”。一层南北两面各有石八券门，进门沿盘旋而上的台阶可登到塔顶。塔内供有佛教雕像。在山庄居住时，有时清晨登塔礼佛。巍巍宝塔配以绿色的原野，气势宏伟，格外引人注目。
这里是蒙古包度假村。如果从远处看，这一座座洁白的蒙古包好像一群白天鹅降落在绿茸茸的草地上。清代这里也曾建有蒙古包，康熙、皇帝曾在这里的御幄蒙古包欢迎和宴请少数民族首领和外国使节。这里向大家介绍一次著名的接见活动：五十七年（1792年）9月29日，英王乔治二世派出以马戈尔尼勋爵为特使、斯当东为副使，由100余人组成的外交使团，乘坐“狮子号”军舰，从朴次茅斯港出发，直航天津，这是“大英帝国”派往中国的第一个正式访华使团。五十八年（1793年）7月26日，使团船队抵达天津，经北京于9月8日到达热河。对英使来访很重视，决定在热河行宫进行接见。9月14日，就是在这里的御幄蒙古包，马戈尔尼特使在全权公使、中国翻译和见习童子的陪同下，由礼部尚书引领到皇帝御座旁，拾级而上，单腿下跪致词后，呈交了英王给皇帝的信件和礼品。大家可知道，这个并不复杂的谒见礼仪，还是中英双方磋商了好几天才定下来的呢！向马戈尔尼特使回赠了玉如意等礼品，并让他们同扈从王公大臣、蒙古王公台吉一同参加宴会，亲自给英使赐酒，赏观杂技、戏剧、拳术等文艺节目。9月17日（阴历八月十三），清廷在山庄举行盛大的阅兵典礼，庆祝83岁寿辰，马戈尔尼又前来避暑山庄给皇帝祝寿，晚上在万树园观看了盛大的焰火晚会。英王在信中提出派使臣常驻北京等一系列要求。回到北京后，和坤将在避暑山庄写好的《赐英吉利国王敕书》交给了马戈尔尼。10月7日英使带着回赠英王的礼物回国。马戈尔尼希望通过与清王朝最高当局直接谈判，打开中国大门，开拓东方贸易市场的构想没有实现。清朝在办理交涉过程中维护了王朝国威和尊严。但英国使团在几个月的时间里对中国政治、军事、经济情况有了一个直观的了解，搜集了大量军政资料。马戈尔尼的中国之行为yapian战争作了理论上的准备，所以1840年英国人率先用洋枪洋炮打开了中国的大门，从此中国开始了半封建、半殖地的社会。
请大家随我从蒙古包度假村南行，经万树园门出山庄。
（回到汽车上）
题：我国园林专家们为什么说避暑山庄就是祖国锦绣河山的缩影？在回答这个问题之前，请大家先说说避暑山庄的地形。太好了！这位先生说对了！那位小姐也说对了！今天大家游览时已经看到，避暑山庄的地形是东南部地势较低，景色秀丽，如同江南；东北部地势平坦，芳草如茵，一派草原风光；西北部则地势高敞，沟壑纵横。这一切虽然是“自然天成地就势”，却好像人工雕琢了一般，竟如此巧妙地和我们伟大祖国的地形相吻合，况且全国各地的许多胜景还被神奇般地集中在山庄，因此连园林专家们也都发出了由衷的赞叹：避暑山庄就是祖国锦绣河山的缩影。
现在让我们再来看看避暑山庄在我国历史、文化和园林艺术方面的地位和作用吧！
在我国历史上，避暑山庄是清朝前期统一多民族国家巩固和发展的历史见证。康乾盛世时期，皇帝每年约有半年左右的时间，住在避暑山庄，处理朝政。从避暑山庄丰富的历史内涵来说，它又是一座民族和宗教的历史博物馆，是一部用特殊资料编写的清朝历史。从文化价值来说，避暑山庄是康乾盛世的产物。山庄内各种类型的建筑，突出表现了多民族联合、宇内大一统的思想。在山庄里，汉族文化和一些少数民族文化，既表现出各自的特点，又吸收了其它文化的精华，呈现出绚丽多姿又融为一体的景观，真实地再现了中华文化多元的特点，显示出避暑山庄在清代处于多民族文化的中心地位。现在，承德已经迈步走向世界，避暑山庄和周围寺庙群不仅属于中国，它已经成为全人类共同的文化遗产。联合国教科文组织的专家称赞避暑山庄这座优秀皇家园林是“集东方哲学思想之大成”。
从园林艺术角度看，康熙在建造避暑山庄时，根据“物尽天然之趣，不烦人事之工”的原则，充分利用山庄内山峦、溪流、湖泊、平原等自然条件，因地制宜地修筑亭台楼阁，尽量保留大自然的山林野趣。宫殿区的建筑虽然严格恪守“天子身居九重”之制，但却具有北方四合院朴素简洁的特色，不用黄琉璃瓦，代以灰瓦盖顶青砖砌墙，使宫殿区的建筑与整个山庄的建筑风格相一致，显得既古朴，又淡雅。可以说，避暑山庄是我国最富有艺术特色的皇家园林，它集中了历代造园艺术的精华，形成了独特的民族风格，具有高度的艺术成就，不愧是中国古典园林的一颗灿烂明珠，是世界园林实例中的奇迹，是我们中华民族的骄傲。
女士们、先生们，避暑山庄崭新的风姿，正在越来越引起国内外的瞩目。从事历史、文物、考古、地理、美学、宗教、园林、建筑等方面研究的专家、学者一致认为，避暑山庄不仅是一座大型的露天博物馆，而且是一门博大精深的综合性科学。因为时间所限，今天的参观暂告一个段落。希望大家有机会多来承德，我再陪同各位细细欣赏它，品味它，研究它。